When thinking about record-breaking geography, most people think of the tallest mountain or the longest river — but some of the most fascinating records lie deep below the surface. One of these is the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon in Tibet, which is often considered the deepest canyon in the world. As the Yarlung Tsangpo River carves through the Himalayas, it plunges to an average depth of around 5,000 meters, making this gorge a staggering example of nature’s power.
On an even more profound scale is the Mariana Trench, located in the western Pacific Ocean. Its deepest point, known as the Challenger Deep, reaches approximately 10,984 meters below sea level — this makes it the deepest known part of the Earth’s oceans. Such extreme depths result in enormous pressure, dark cold environments, and mysteries that continue to challenge oceanographers.
From a trust and authority perspective, these geographic superlatives are backed by rigorous scientific measurement, using sonar mapping, submersible expeditions, and satellite data. The National Geographic and other leading scientific institutions confirm these records, providing reliable evidence. Exploring these extremes helps us appreciate how varied and astonishing our planet is — and reminds us that some of Earth’s most dramatic landscapes are hidden far from the surface.
